语态
语态分两种,主动和被动。这里只讨论被动。被动语态表现的形式不同。最基本的表现形式是be+过去分词,其中be有时态、人称和数的变化,也可以构成否定或疑问句;过去分词作定语在肯定的句式中或名词前也表示被动的意思。这种题的出题方法一般是让考生依据已给的条件判断是不是应该用被动语态。下面通过例子进行说明。
例题及说明:
例1:With its expensive furniture and carefully color scheme,the room looked quite luxurious.
A.choose
B.chose
C.chosen
D.choosing
说明:考查过去分词作名词定语,表被动。答案:C。这里过去分词表示被动语态:被选的色系。昂贵的家具加上仔细挑选的色系,使得这个房间看着很豪华。
例2:The sandwiches by your mother were very delicious.
A.make
B.making
C.made
D.were made
说明:考查过去分词表被动,作后置定语。答案:C。Made过去分词表被动。The sandwiches made by your mother...=The sandwiches that were made by your mother你母亲做的三明治很美味。
例3:一Have you moved into the new house?
一Not yet.The rooms .
A.are being painted
B.are painted
C.are painting
D.have been painting
说明:考查被动语态。答案:A。这里表示新房正在被粉刷,并且是目前正在进行的动作,所以应当用目前进行时的被动语态。一你搬新家了吗?一还没,新房正粉刷着呢。
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